Document Type : Full research articles
Authors
1
Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
2
Department of Wheat Diseases Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
3
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
Abstract
Well tested molecular markers for their linkage with important genes for stem rust resistance are recommended to use for developing varieties with durable rust resistance. This study aimed to use ten of the available markers for stem rust resistance genes i.e Sr39, Sr28 , Sr26, Sr24, Sr33, Sr43, Sr25, Sr38 , Sr31 and Sr55 with ten commercial wheat cultivars i.e Misr1, Misr2, Sids11, Sids12, Gemmiza9, Gemmiza10, Gemmiza11, Saha93, Sakha94 and Giza168 to be analyzed for polymorphism among the selected cultivars based on specific markers for stem rust resistance. In addition, the present study aimed to postulate stem rust resistance genes in the ten Egyptian spring wheat cultivars at seedling stage using 14 pathotypes identification of stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici) in 2018/19. Samples were collected during 2017/2018 growing season. All the tested primers produced amplifications products except for the Sr39 primer sequences. A total of 86 bands were produced by the ten selected specific primers, 6 of which were polymorphic. Maximum level of polymorphism was 60%, which was observed with the primers Sr25. The dendrogram grouped the genotypes into three clusters, cluster one included Sids12, Sakha 94 and Misr1, while the second cluster contained Sids 13, Gemmiza9, Gemmiza 10, Gemmiza 11 Sakha 93 and Giza 168. Misr 2 was unaccompanied with any other cultivars in the third cluster. Genetic similarity coefficients ranged from 0.10 to 0.88. Comparison between the different Sr's monogenic lines and the local cultivars revealed the probability of genes for resistance in these cultivars. Misr-2 in seedling stage was more resistance to the tested rust isolates than all the other tested cultivars. It probably has stem Sr,s ; 39, 28, 26, 25, 38, 55 and other genes for stem rust resistance. Sr 28 (80 %) proved to be the most common gene that was postulated in most wheat varieties followed by Sr 25 (70 %). Specific markers coupled with postulation study provided convenient tool to test stem rust resistance in cultivars which may enhance the design of breeding program against stem rust in wheat in future.
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